Part 6: The Focus on Resurrection (viii) The Sadducees' question



The same day the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to Him and asked Him, saying: “Teacher, Moses said that if a man dies, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife and raise up offspring for his brother. Now there were with us seven brothers. The first died after he had married, and having no offspring, left his wife to his brother. Likewise the second also, and the third, even to the seventh. Last of all the woman died also. Therefore, in the resurrection, whose wife of the seven will she be? For they all had her.” Jesus answered and said to them, “You are mistaken, not knowing the Scriptures nor the power of God. For in the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels of God in heaven. But concerning the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was spoken to you by God, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.” And when the multitudes heard this, they were astonished at His teaching. (Matthew 22:23-33)

Then some of the Sadducees, who deny that there is a resurrection, came to Him and asked Him, saying: “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife, and he dies without children, his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother. Now there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and died without children. And the second took her as wife, and he died childless. Then the third took her, and in like manner the seven also; and they left no children, and died. Last of all the woman died also. Therefore, in the resurrection, whose wife does she become? For all seven had her as wife.” Jesus answered and said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage. But those who are counted worthy to attain that age, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage; nor can they die anymore, for they are equal to the angels and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection. But even Moses showed in the burning bush passage that the dead are raised, when he called the Lord ‘the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ For He is not the God of the dead but of the living, for all live to Him.” (Luke 20:27-38)

These texts are included to once again show a clear biblical teaching on a future resurrection of God’s people. Everything that Jesus says in these two texts is within the framework of ‘the resurrection’. 

As with Paul in Philippians, it is only those ‘who are counted worthy’ who may participate in the resurrection in mind, and I would view this criterion as minimising the focus from the general resurrection of God’s people to one key aspect of it: the ‘resurrection to life’ of John chapter five. It is within the certainty of there being a resurrection of the redeemed that we are informed of two possible outcomes: resurrection to life or resurrection to condemnation (Daniel 12:2; John 5:29; Acts 24:15). As I understand it, these are not two outcomes that are intended to encompass all humanity (‘Christian’ and ‘non-Christian’) but rather a judgement of God’s people alone, separate from the judgement of the rest of the world. 

It is beyond the scope of this document to articulate and defend this view of the resurrection but I feel it is important to state that, just because one is redeemed, it does not suffice that one should enter and reign in the coming Kingdom with Christ – only a life of faith guarantees such (picking up our cross and following Him, striving to enter at the narrow gate, presenting our bodies as living sacrifices, etc.) Anything else is sufficient only for the resurrection with a negative outcome. In the texts above it would seem that Jesus’ attention is upon the ‘resurrection to life’, the resurrection to which we should all be striving to attain. 

The Jews were clearly familiar with the idea of a general resurrection of God’s people, informed perhaps by texts such as Daniel 12:1-3, Ezekiel 37, Job 19:25-27. There is no question of the existence/nonexistence of marriage in Heaven, only ‘in the resurrection’.

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